domingo, 30 de septiembre de 2012

Actividad

Todos los grupos realizan lo mismo pero cada uno trabajara en la parte del texto dado a cada equipo.
1- Buscar palabras desconocidas, con prefijos o sufijos en el texto dado. Trascribirlas, y decir funcion gramatical de cada una.

2- Buscar 5 grupos verbales diferentes ( incluir pasivas), e incluir verbos modales.Transcribir oracion , traducirla, marcar todo lo que encuentres en ella.

3- hacer breve resumen de tu parte y comentar tu opinion de esa parte.

4- Hacer comentario propio del tema.

jueves, 27 de septiembre de 2012

Vocabulario


The income generated from sale of goods or services, or any other use of capital or assets, associated with the main operations of an organization before any costs or expenses are deducted. Revenue is shown usually as the top item in an income (profit and loss) statement from which all charges, costs, and expenses are subtracted to arrive at net income. Also called sales, or (in the UK) turnover.

insurance

actual cash value policy
pro rata cancellation
Definition
Risk-transfer mechanism that ensures full or partial financial compensation for the loss or damage caused by event(s) beyond the control of the insured party. Under an insurance contract, a party (the insurer) indemnifies the other party (the insured) against a specified amount of loss, occurring from specified eventualities within a specified period, provided a fee called premium is paid. In general insurance, compensation is normally proportionate to the loss incurred, whereas in life insurance usually a fixed sum is paid. Some types of insurance (such as product liability insurance) are an essential component of risk management, and are mandatory in several countries. Insurance, however, provides protection only against tangible losses. It cannot ensure continuity of business, market share, or customer confidence, and cannot provide knowledge, skills, or resources to resume the operations after a disaster.


    * risk
    * policy
    * third-party insurance
    * letter of indemnity
    * employer's liability insurance
    * force majeure
    * ex gratia payment
    * hazard
    * contribution
    * certificate of insurance (COI)

revenue / ˈrevənuː / ||/ ˈrevənjuː/ sustantivo
  1. uncountable ( Tax ) rentas fpl públicas;
    see also Inland Revenue, Internal Revenue Service
  1. revenues pl ingresos mpl;
    oil ~s ingresos mpl provenientes del petróleo

revenue ['revɪnjʊ:] nombre renta, ingresos
turnover ['tɜ:nəʊvəʳ] nombre
1   Com facturación
2   (de mercancías, de personal) movimiento
'revenue' also found in these Oxford entries:

Compound Forms:
revenue |
sales | turnover
gross revenue n
(total receipts from sales)
ingresos brutos nmpl

Since our expenses exceeded our gross revenue, we will suffer a net loss for the year.

No te confundas, mis ingresos netos son mucho menores que mis ingresos brutos.
net revenue n
(total sales minus adjustments)
ingresos netos nmpl
revenue bearing, revenue-bearing adj
(generating income)
provechoso adj
Note: hyphen used when term is an adj before a noun

Todo lo ecológico se está volviendo un negocio muy provechoso.

rentable adj

¿Te parece que ése pueda ser un negocio rentable?
revenue bond
bono a largo plazo a pagarse con ingresos del proyecto
revenue expenditure
desembolso sobre los ingresos
revenue growth n
(increase in income from sales)
aumento de las ganancias nm

Fue un buen año, tuvimos un aumento de las ganancias del 20%.
revenue management n
(maximizing money made from sth)
maximización de ganancias nf
revenue share n
(distribution of profits)
reparto de beneficios nm
revenue sharing n
(distribution of profits)
reparto de ganancias nm
revenue stamp n
finanzas públicas
sello fiscal nm
revenue stamp n
finanzas públicas
timbre fiscal nm
revenue stream n
(method of income)
vía de ingresos nf

Ese cliente es nuestra principal vía de ingresos, no tenemos que perderlo.
total revenue n
(overall income)
ingresos totales nmpl
coverage / ˈkʌvərɪdʒ/ n uncountable (by media, in telephony) cobertura f;
press/television/news ~ cobertura periodística/televisiva/informativa;
there will be live ~ of the game el partido será transmitido or (Esp) retransmitido en directo


coverage ['kʌvərɪdʒ] nombre cobertura

'coverage' also found in these Oxford entries:
English:
extensive - media - patchy - saturation - up
Spanish:
cobertura - resonancia - amplio - desmarcarse - difusión - marcaje

Compound Forms:
blanket coverage n        seguros               cubierta total nf
blanket coverage n                        cubierta al detalle nf
coverage area n               (telecommunications: transmission range)         área de cobertura nm
                Each cell phone company advertises that their coverage area is larger than the others.
                Todas las compañías de telefonía celular dicen tener mayor área de cobertura.
debt service coverage n              (finance: cash available to pay debts)    reserva para pago de la deuda nf
                El contador debe mantener la reserva para el pago de la deuda.
                               fondos para el pago de deuda nmpl
full coverage n  (thorough news reporting)        cobertura detallada n
                You can see full coverage of the event on BBC1 from ten o'clock.
                Puedes ver la cobertura detallada de la noticia a las 10 de la noche.
                               amplia cobertura nf
                La prensa le dio amplia cobertura al evento.
full coverage n  (comprehensive insurance) automóvil seguro a todo riesgo, seguro contra todo riesgo nm
                Since my car is brand new, and expensive, I decided to pay for full coverage auto insurance, to protect me no matter what happens.
                Recomiendan hacerse un seguro a todo riesgo cuando el coche es nuevo.
                               cobertura total nf
                Este seguro te garantiza una cobertura total, incluso en el extranjero.
media coverage n           (news reporting)             cobertura de los medios nf
                There will be full media coverage of the upcoming World Cup.
                La cobertura de los medios es total frente a este acontecimiento.
                Report an error
Forum discussions with the word(s) "coverage" in the title:
A statement of any policy or coverage defenses (legal) - legal
action over coverage - financial
Additional supplemental life insurance coverage
all-risks coverage - financial
As part of its coverage commitment for the license award
attain medical coverage (insurance)
bind coverage
Binding Coverage (Seguros)
breakdown coverage
Broadenings Of Coverage
Call center staff coverage - information technology
Catastrophic Coverage - legal
Catastrophic Coverage
Certificate of Coverage
check offering coverage and review
comparable coverage - financial
complete coverage
Corrects instantly with excellent coverage
Coverage
coverage (software, printers) - information technology
Coverage achievement - medical
Coverage Amount (Insurance)
coverage and substance
coverage at an insured bank - financial
coverage defense - legal
Coverage Determination
Coverage Engineer
Coverage for claimant is no longer in force - legal
Coverage is renewable and portable.
Coverage or signal?? (Cobertura del teléfono móvil)
more...
insurance
insurance /ɪnˈʃʊrəns / || /ɪnˈʃʊərəns/ , /ɪnˈʃɔːrəns/ sustantivo
seguro m;
he works in ~ trabaja en el ramo de los seguros;
medical/fire ~ seguro médico/de or contra incendios;
to take out ~ hacerse(conj.) or contratar un seguro;
(before n) ~ broker agente mf de seguros;
~ company compañía f de seguros, (compañía f) aseguradora f ;
~ premium prima f or cuota f del seguro



insurance [ɪn'ʃʊərəns] nombre seguro
     life insurance, seguro de vida

'insurance' also found in these Oxford entries:
English:
endowment - extortionate - insurance agent - insurance company - insurance policy - insurance premium - itemize - life insurance - low-cost - National Insurance - policy - premium - social insurance - social welfare - travel insurance - assurance - broker - business - claim - comprehensive - cover - EHIC - European - FDIC - floater - fully - health - in - including - indemnity - life - marine - medical - national - pay - sell - take - third - travel - under
Spanish:
agencia - agente - asegurador - aseguradora - cotizar - mutualidad - póliza - riesgo - segura - seguro - aporte - asegurado - asegurar - compañía - mutua - tarjeta - tercero

WordReference English-Spanish Dictionary © 2012:
Compound Forms:
casualty insurance n      US (insurance against accident)               seguro contra accidentes nm
                He had casualty insurance, so the family could pay bills after his accident, until he could return to work.
earthquake insurance                  seguro contra terremotos nm
fire insurance n                (insurance against loss due to fire)         seguro contra incendio nm
                The bank requires borrowers to carry fire insurance for the house.
                En el banco le exigieron la presentación del seguro contra incendio.
fire insurance n                               seguro contra incendios nm
freight insurance             (Insurance)        seguro del flete nm
group insurance n           seguros               seguro colectivo nm
group life insurance                       seguro de vida colectivo nm
health insurance                             seguro de enfermedad n
health insurance                             seguro médico n
hospitalization insurance             US          seguro de asistencia médica n
industrial insurance                       seguro industrial nm
insurance adjuster                         liquidador de seguros nm
insurance agent n           (sb who sells insurance policies)              agente de seguros nm
                I needed to update my car insurance policy, so I called my insurance agent.
                Los agentes de seguros tienen fama de pesados.
insurance benefits npl  (rewards of an insurance policy)              beneficios que otorga la póliza nmpl
insurance broker n         (sb who sells insurance policies)              corredor de seguros nm
insurance carrier n          (company issuing an insurance policy)  compañía de seguros nf
                               compañía aseguradora nf
                Mi póliza de seguros es muy cara estoy pensando en cambiar de compañía aseguradora.
insurance claim n            (request for insurance to be paid)          reclamación al seguro nf
                I have to file an insurance claim to be reimbursed for my doctor appointment.
                Tengo que rellenar una reclamación al seguro para que me reembolse la factura del médico.
insurance company n    (company that sells insurance policies) compañía de seguros nf
                After the accident, my insurance company refused to pay for repairs to my car.
                               aseguradora nf
                La aseguradora se negó a pagar los gastos de hospitalización.
insurance plan n                              plan de seguro nm
insurance policy n           (contract that insures sth)          póliza del seguro nf
                My health insurance policy won't cover my diabetic medication.
                Mi póliza del seguro de salud no cubrirá mi tratamiento contra la diabetes.
insurance premium n    (payment on an insurance policy)           prima del seguro nf
                Where you park your vehicle overnight will affect your insurance premium.
                Si aparcas el vehículo en la calle durante la noche, puede variar tu prima del seguro.
insurance salesman n    (sb who sells insurance policies)              vendedor de seguros nm
                Los vendedores de seguros ahora ya te los venden por teléfono.
insurance underwriter n              (sb who assesses eligibility for insurance policies)           evaluador de riesgo nm
                El evaluador de riesgo es la persona que determina si se le puede renovar la póliza de seguro.
life insurance n (policy that pays out after death)            seguro de vida nm
                I bought life insurance to help my family in case something happens to me.
                Le ofrecieron un nuevo seguro de vida. / Contraté un seguro de vida por si acaso me llegara a pasar algo.
major medical insurance                             seguro de gastos médicos mayores
malpractice insurance                   seguro contra neglicencia profesional, seguro de malapraxis nm
marine insurance                            seguro marítimo
medical insurance n                       seguro médico nm
medical insurance premium n   (payment policy for healthcare)              prima del seguro médico nf
                My monthly medical insurance premium is over half my monthly pension.
                La mitad de mi jubilación la gasto en pagar la prima del seguro médico.
mortgage insurance n   (policy to compensate for property loan payments)      seguro para hipoteca nm
mutual insurance                            seguro mutualista nm
mutual insurance system                            sistema de seguros mutualistas
national insurance                          seguridad social n
no-fault insurance n      (coverage regardless of fault. ) España seguro a todo riesgo nm
                His car was hit by an uninsured driver, but Joe's no-fault insurance paid for the damages.
                Le golpeó un coche que no estaba asegurado, pero la póliza de seguro a todo riesgo de Joe, pago los desperfectos.
                Argentina           seguro contra todo riesgo nm
no-fault insurance                          seguro con franquicia n
participating insurance                                 seguro de vida con participación nm
professional indemnity insurance n       (insurance cover for trades and occupations) España    seguro de responsabilidad civil profesional loc nom
property damage insurance                      seguro de bienes nm
property insurance n                    seguro de propiedad
property insurance n                    seguro inmobiliario
public-liability insurance                              seguro de responsabilidad a terceros nm
sickness insurance n      seguros: usualmente cubre enfermedades catastróficas tales como el cáncer y otras usualmente cubre e                seguro contra enfermedad
social insurance                               seguro social nm
take out insurance         (take out insurance against something)               contratar un seguro contra algún riesgo v
take out insurance         (take out insurance against something)               hacerse un seguro v
term insurance                                seguro de término fijo nm
term insurance                                seguro temporal nm
theft insurance                                seguro de cobertura contra riesgo de robo
theft insurance                                seguro contra robo
title insurance                  póliza de seguro de titulo
transportation insurance                            seguro de transporte
unemployment insurance n       UK: (tax collected for social security, US: payments to unemployed)     seguro de desempleo nm
                He had to pay a percentage of his earnings for unemployment insurance.
                Report an error

Forum discussions with the word(s) "insurance" in the title:
about insurance certificates - financial
Act on Services / Insurance Act
Actuarial Science, Insurance and Risk Management
Additional supplemental life insurance coverage
address Insurance Company review
administration and insurance policies
After-Service Health Insurance - legal
airside insurance
all freight and insurance costs and duties
all risk property insurance policy - financial
Allowance (insurance)
Amount of insurance
amount of insurance
amparo y auxilio (worker benefits/insurance)
an investment contract issued by either an insurance enterprise - financial
apply for insurance
as a fiduaciary, an insurance agent
as added insurance
aseguranza v. seguros (insurance)
Aspe holds all of the insurance cover necessary
assignment form most insurance plans
Assignor (insurance) - legal
Associate Insurance Compliance Officer
assurance - insurance
attain medical coverage (insurance)
Auto insurance - grammar
auto insurance
Bank owned Life Insurance
Bank owned life insurance - financial
Bank Required Insurance

# insurance
# insurance agent
# insurance company
# insurance policy
# insurance premium
# insure
# insured
# insurer

insure /ɪnˈʃʊr / || /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ , /ɪnˈʃɔː(r)/ verbo transitivo

   1. ( Fin ) asegurar;
      he ~d his life for $500,000 se hizo un seguro de vida de 500.000 dólares;
      I'm ~d to drive any car con mi seguro puedo manejar or (Esp) conducir cualquier coche;
      to ~ sth/sb AGAINST sth asegurar algo/a algn contra algo

   2. (AmE) See Also→ ensure



insure [ɪn'ʃʊəʳ] verbo transitivo asegurar [against, contra]: this policy insures against loss or harm to my car, esta póliza cubre robo y daños
'insure' also found in these Oxford entries:
English:
assure - indemnify
Spanish:
asegurar - asegurarse
Compound Forms:
insure oneself                  asegurarse
insure yourself v             (take out an insurance policy)   asegurarse v pron

Forum discussions with the word(s) "insure" in the title:
Assure-ensure-insure
Insure against
insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability - legal
insure from theft
insure that the business remains decisive
insure the exhibition on a wall-to-wall basis
insure your place
Insure your purchase
the people who help insure many of your neighbors
to insure equity and access
purchase


purchase 1 / ˈpɜːrtʃəs / || / ˈpɜːtʃəs/ sustantivo

   1. uc (frml) adquisición f (frml), compra f

   2. (grip) (no pl): to get ~ o a ~ on sth agarrarse a or de algo

purchase 2 verbo transitivo (frml) adquirir (frml), comprar;
to ~ sth FROM sb comprarle algo a algn

purchase ['pɜ:tʃɪs]
I              n frml compra
   
II             vtr frml comprar

'purchase' also found in these Oxford entries:
English:
antibiotic - bonus - exercise - foresight - APEX - bargain - buy - compulsory purchase - free - hire purchase - HP - individual - newness - send - speculative
Spanish:
adquirir - adquisición - compra - comprar - negociar - plazo - prohibir - salida - venta - comprobante - contrato - expropiación - expropiar - importe - precio - prueba
Compound Forms:
advance purchase n       (booking ahead at cheap rate)  compra por adelantado nf
                Airlines usually give you a cheaper fare for advance purchase.
                El libro todavía no salió pero ya tenemos más de 300 pedidos de compra por adelantado.
compulsory purchase n                UK: (seizing of property)             expropiación nf
                Despite our objections, the government took our land while expanding the motorway, citing compulsory purchase laws.
                Se estableció por decreto la expropiación de todos los edificios de esa manzana.
hire purchase n                (buying sth by instalments)        compra en cuotas nf
                Es muy frecuente hacer la compra de los electrodomésticos en cuotas.
                               compra a plazos nf
                Al ser el precio tan elevado, decidí hacer la compra a plazos.
impulse purchase n                       compra impulsiva
proof of purchase n                       comprobante de compra nm
proof of purchase n                       evidencia de compra nf
proof of purchase n                       prueba de compra nf
purchase agreement, purchasing agreement n                (contract to buy goods)               acuerdo de compra nm
                If you can ship me the goods by December 16, I'll send you a purchase agreement today.
                Le puedo firmar hoy mismo un acuerdo de compra si me asegura que puedo contar con las mercaderías antes del 16 de diciembre.
purchase book                                 libro de compras nm
purchase ledger                              libro de compras nm
purchase order n            (document requesting to buy sth)          pedido nm
                We have received your purchase order and will dispatch the goods immediately.
                Debido a las vacaciones de verano rogamos nos hagan llegar sus pedidos antes del viernes.
                               orden de compra nm
                Dígame el número de su orden de compra y la fecha.
purchase price n              (cost at which sth is bought)      precio de compra nm
                Over the years, the purchase price for a new car has risen significantly.
                A medida que pasan los años el precio de compra de los autos ha ido aumentando de manera sostenida.
purchase receipt n         (slip or document: proof of payment)   ticket de compra nm
                Acme Stores requires a purchase receipt if you wish to return something.
                No devolvemos el dinero sin el ticket de compra.
                               recibo de compra nm
                Tengo un montón de recibos de compra guardados en mi bolso, por si acaso.
                Argentina           factura, boleta nf
                Report an error

Forum discussions with the word(s) "purchase" in the title:
80% purchase
Acquisition Award Purchase
Adjusted for inflation / aggregate purchase price - financial
Adquirir = Purchase / acquire
advance purchase
aggregate equity purchase price - financial
aggregate purchase order threshold amount - financial
Agreement of purchase and sale - legal
Agreement pursuant to which (iii) M will purchase (ii) - legal
analytical purchase
ask about a purchase
Asset Purchase Agreement - legal
Barter purchase
Because of your imigrantion [ immigration ] status, I have to purchase you a
Bill of sale/sale and purchase/business sale... - legal
binding purchase agreement
Blanket purchase / Blanket release - financial
blanket purchase order
buy something on hire purchase
buy-shop-purchase.
buy/purchase
Buying Vs Purchase
cash purchase
Choate or inchoate (purchase agreement) - legal
Circumvent - (Sales and Purchase Agreement)
Claim Purchase - legal
comercializara= purchase
common stock purchase warrants - financial
company guarantees purchase
compulsory purchase order - financial
more...
buy 1 /baɪ/ (past & past p bought) verbo transitivo

   1. (purchase) comprar;
      money can't ~ happiness el dinero no hace la felicidad;
      to ~ sb sth comprarle algo a algn;
      let me ~ you a drink déjame invitarte a una copa;
      I bought myself a hat me compré un sombrero;
      I bought this mirror for $50 compré este espejo por 50 dólares;
      to ~ sth from sb comprarle algo a algn;
      I bought the radio from o (colloq) off a friend le compré la radio a un amigo;
      to ~ sth for sb comprar algo para algn

   2. (accept, believe) (colloq) tragarse(conj.) (fam)

verbo intransitivo
comprar;
to ~ from sb comprarle a algn

Phrasal Verbs
buy in (BrE) v + o + adv, v + adv + o ‹food/supplies› comprar (para abastecerse) buy into v + prep + o ‹company› adquirir(conj.) participación en, comprar acciones en buy off v + o + adv, v + adv + o sobornar, comprar (fam) buy out v + o + adv, v + adv + o ‹partner/shareholder› comprarle su parte a buy up v + adv + o comprarse todas las existencias de
buy 2 sustantivo
compra f
buy [baɪ]
I              nombre compra: this coat was a good buy, este abrigo fue una buena compra
   
II             vtr (ps & pp bought)
1   comprar: money can't buy you love, el dinero no compra el amor
     to buy sthg from sb, comprar algo a alguien
2   argot (creer) tragar: I tried to lie to her but she did not buy it, intenté engañarla pero no se lo tragó


'buy' also found in these Oxford entries:
English:
agent - attractive - blue-chip - bought - buy off - buy out - buy up - cash - chip in - cream - dip into - disinfectant - flour - going - groceries - nursery - opportune - pool - remember - stationary - stop - test drive - throw in - want - wholesale - about - any - BOGOF - cheaply - club - enough - fancy - feature - fill - get - hire purchase - HP - ill - installment plan - lash - mail - never - none - option - replacement - restriction - save - second-hand - shelf - some
Spanish:
A - adquisición - alcanzar - amortizar - barata - barato - barrio - batalla - compra - comprar - concretamente - decena - dos - dudar - infinitamente - las - macho - más - óbice - permitirse - plazo - prematura - prematuro - recordar - reventa - sacar - terminar - ventolera - abonar - abono - adelantar - adquirir - andar - apuntar - así - chorrada - chueco - ciego - clavar - compromiso - corto - cual - dar - decidir - decir - descuento - dios - disparar - duda - encargar
Compound Forms:
bring and buy sale n       UK colloquial     venta a beneficio de productos hechos o cosechados por el vendedor nf
bring and buy sale n       UK colloquial     venta de cooperación a beneficio nf
buy and sell v    (trade) comercio nm
                               compraventa nf
buy back vtr       (seller: repurchase what was sold)         rescatar vtr
                Redeemable shares come with an agreement that the company can buy them back at a future date.
                Vendió las acciones con la opción de poder rescatarlas al año.
buy in vtr            (purchase sth in large quantities)            comprar (algo) al por mayor vtr
                Todas esas piezas de tela que ves allí, las compra al por mayor.
buy into vtr        figurative (accept as valid)          tragarse, creerse vpron
buy into vtr        (invest in)           invertir en vtr
                En los años setenta invirtió un modesto capital en una pequeña y desconocida empresa, Apple; hoy es multimillonario.
buy off vtr          informal (buy the cooperation of)          comprar a vtr+prep
                We can buy him off by making a donation to his wife's hospital.
                España fichar vtr
                A ver si fichamos un buen vendedor que se deshaga de esto rápido.
buy on credit vtr              (purchase now but pay later)    comprar a plazos loc verb
                I became addicted to buying on credit, and now I'm on the verge of bankruptcy.
                               comprar en cuotas loc verb
                               comprar a crédito loc verb
                               comprar con pago diferido loc verb
buy out vtr         (purchase entire stock)                comprar el total vtr
                El precio le pareció muy conveniente y compró el total de las unidades que teníamos disponible.
buy out vtr         (take over ownership of)            comprar la parte de loc verb
                Mi socia quería vender el negocio, yo no; así que le compré su parte.
buy sth at auction v        (purchase sth by highest bid)    comprar en subasta vtr
                               adjudicar(se) en subasta vtr (pron)
                Nos adjudicamos el lote completo en subasta.
                               comprar en un remate vtr
buy time v          figurative (create a helpful delay)           ganar tiempo loc verb
buy up vtr           (purchase all of)              acaparar vtr
                We bought up all the store's balloons for the party.
                               comprar todo vtr
                Como estaban baratos compramos todos los tomates que había en el cajón.
good buy n         (bargain)             ganga nf
                I got a good buy on these drinks, only $1 per bottle.
                Argentina, fam pichincha nf
                Viste qué hermosa es, y me costó sólo cincuenta pesos, una verdadera pichincha.
good buy            informal              ganga nf
impulse buy n   (spur-of-the-moment purchase)            compra compulsiva nf
                Reconozco que esa fue una compra compulsiva; realmente no necesitaba otro televisor.
impulse buy n                   compra impulsiva
make a buy                        hacer una compra v
offer to buy                       ofrecerse a comprar v
               
A buy (en deportes)...
A loan to buy a house where the borrower...
ad buy
are you still interested in buy a... - grammar
Argentina talent buy out by request, one year only
as good as money can buy
available to buy
best talent that money can buy
borrow-and-buy
bring and buy sale
budget buy
but it doesn´t really buy you much, does it?
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martes, 25 de septiembre de 2012

Practico I Ins Quirurgico III 2012


About Marfan Syndrome
Marfan syndrome is a progressive genetic disorder that affects the body's connective tissue. Connective tissue is everywhere in the body, providing structure and support for cells. Think of it as a sort of "glue" that helps support every organ, blood vessel, bone, joint, and muscle.
In people with Marfan syndrome, this "glue" is weaker than normal because of a defect in the body's production of the protein fibrillin, a major component of connective tissue. Weakened connective tissue can lead to problems in many parts of the body, especially the heart, eyes, and bones.
Even though the disease has no cure, the good news is that doctors can successfully treat just about all of its symptoms. Just a few decades ago, most people with Marfan syndrome didn't live past 40. Now, thanks to new research and treatments, those who are diagnosed early and get good medical care have just about the same lifespan as everyone else.
Current research on a group of medications called ACE inhibitors appears extremely promising and is likely to further improve the health of people with Marfan syndrome.
Causes
Marfan syndrome is pretty rare, affecting about 1 in every 5,000 people. Researchers have traced the disorder to a defect in a gene found on chromosome 15. It's this mutation (change) that causes the abnormality in the production or the structure of fibrillin.
About 75% of the time, the gene for Marfan syndrome runs in families, getting passed down to kids from parents who have the disease. The gene is autosomal dominant, which means every child born to a parent who has Marfan syndrome has a 50% chance of having it too.
In the remaining 25% of cases, though, neither parent has the disease; the genetic mutation responsible for Marfan syndrome occurs spontaneously in either the egg or sperm cell at the time of conception. No one knows what causes this mutation, but those born with it have a 50% chance of passing it on to their kids.
Although people with Marfan syndrome often have similar physical features, the disease doesn't affect everyone in the same way. Some have very mild symptoms, while others have severe ones — even within the same family. This is known as "variable expression," and it makes it almost impossible to predict how the disease will progress in any affected individual.
Signs and Symptoms
People with Marfan syndrome are often (but not always) much taller than their family members and peers and have a lean, lanky build. Their fingers and toes are usually long and thin, and their joints are loose. Their arms and legs are often disproportionately long when compared with their torso, and their arm span is often a lot greater than their height.
They may share some facial characteristics, too, including a long, thin face; deep-set eyes; a small jaw; a high, arched roof of the mouth; and crowded teeth.
Descripción: http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/heart/images_89026/P_marfan-syndrome1.gif
Complications
People with Marfan syndrome are also susceptible to complications in the following body systems:
Heart and Blood Vessels
The most serious complication of Marfan syndrome involves theheart. Over time, the disorder can cause the aorta — the large artery that carries blood away from the heart to the body — to stretch and dilate (widen).
If undetected or untreated, the wall of the aorta can eventually begin to tear and separate, allowing blood to leak through (this is known as an aortic dissection). A large, sudden rupture can be fatal.
Problems with the heart valves are common too. Instead of closing tightly, valves (usually the mitral and/or aortic valves) may become large and floppy, allowing blood to leak backwards through the heart. A minor leak may cause few symptoms, but a large one can cause shortness of breath and an irregular heartbeat, as well as a heart murmur. Leaky heart valves cause the heart to work harder and become enlarged, so they must be carefully monitored.
Eyes
More than half of all people with Marfan syndrome have a condition known as "dislocated lenses." That means the lenses of the eye, which are usually centered behind the pupil and held in place with connective tissue, may shift up, down, or to the side. Vision problems may occur depending on the position of the lens. The vision problems may require glasses at first, and later may require surgery.
People with Marfan syndrome also often have myopia (nearsightedness), and they are at greater risk for developing other problems — like detached retinas (when the light-sensing tissue at the back of the eye comes loose), glaucoma (high pressure in the eye), or cataracts (cloudy lenses) — earlier in life than other people. Young children are especially prone to developing amblyopia (lazy eye).
Skeletal Problems
In addition to excessive height and long limbs, Marfan syndrome may cause other skeletal problems, such as scoliosis (curvature of the spine) and chest wall abnormalities (the chest bone may either curve in or protrude out, giving the chest a sunken-in or a pigeon-breasted appearance). Overly loose joints and flat feet are common.
Other symptoms may affect the skin, nervous system, and lungs, but these tend to be less common and less serious, especially in kids and teens.
Diagnosing Marfan Syndrome
There's no single test for diagnosing Marfan syndrome. Diagnosis depends on detailed exams by a team of doctors, including a geneticist (a doctor who specializes in inherited disorders), a cardiologist (heart specialist), ophthalmologist (eye doctor), and an orthopedist (bone specialist). Molecular testing for a mutation in the FBN1 gene is part of the comprehensive evaluation.
First, a geneticist will ask about any family history of the disorder or whether any relatives died early from heart-related deaths. He or she may also take detailed skeletal measurements. The geneticist may order mutation testing on a small blood sample.
A cardiologist may listen for a heart murmur and will likely perform tests such as:
·         a chest X-ray
·         an electrocardiogram (EKG), which measures electrical activity in the heart
·         an echocardiogram, which uses sound waves to produce a picture of the heart to check the size of the aorta and the functioning of the valves
An ophthalmologist may perform a "slit lamp" test (a slit lamp allows the doctor to see the front of the eye under high magnification) while the eyes are dilated to check for lens dislocation and any other abnormalities.
An orthopedist will check for curvatures of the spine and chest bone, as well as joint problems and flat feet.